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MONDAY, Jan. 6, 2020 (HealthDay News) — Treating colonized parents may reduce the risk for Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> transmission to neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), according to a study published online Dec. 30 in the Journal of the American Medical Association<\/i>.<\/p>\n
Aaron M. Milstone, M.D., from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, and colleagues randomly assigned S. aureus<\/i>-colonized parents of 236 neonates in the NICU to either intranasal mupirocin and 2 percent chlorhexidine-impregnated cloths (active treatment; 117 infants) or petrolatum intranasal ointment and nonmedicated soap cloths (placebo; 119 infants) for five days. Concordant S. aureus<\/i> colonization was assessed at 90 days.<\/p>\n
The researchers found that 38.9 percent of the neonates acquired S. aureus<\/i> colonization by 90 days, and 56.8 percent of these neonates had a strain concordant with a parental baseline strain (14.6 percent in the active treatment group and 28.7 percent in the placebo group; hazard ratio, 0.43). In the intervention group, 31.4 percent of neonates acquired any S. aureus<\/i> strain versus 45.5 percent in the control group (hazard ratio, 0.57). One neonate in the intervention group and one neonate in the control group developed an S. aureus<\/i> infection before colonization. In parents, skin reactions were common (4.8 percent intervention versus 6.2 percent placebo).<\/p>\n
“These findings provide early evidence that treating S. aureus<\/i>-colonized parents may provide a novel intervention to reduce the risk of S. aureus<\/i> transmission to neonates in the NICU, a period of high risk of invasive S. aureus<\/i> disease,” the authors write.<\/p>\n
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