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FRIDAY, Dec. 6, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk for type 1 and type 2 diabetes from childhood into early and middle adulthood, according to a study published online Dec. 3 in Diabetologia<\/i>.<\/p>\n
Casey Crump, M.D., from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, and colleagues examined the associations between preterm birth and the risks for type 1 and 2 diabetes into adulthood in a national cohort study conducted among all 4,193,069 singletons born in Sweden during 1973 to 2014.<\/p>\n
The researchers identified 27,512 (0.7 percent) and 5,525 (0.1 percent) people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively, in 92.3 million person-years of follow-up. There was an inverse association for gestational age at birth with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes risk. Compared with full-term birth, for preterm birth, the adjusted hazard ratios were 1.21 and 1.26, respectively, for type 1 and type 2 diabetes at age <18 years and 1.24 and 1.49, respectively, at age 18 to 43 years. Stronger associations between preterm birth and type 2 diabetes were seen for women (e.g., at age 18 to 43 years: adjusted hazard ratios, 1.75 and 1.28 for women and men, respectively). The correlations were partly explained by shared genetic or environmental factors in families.<\/p>\n
“Children and adults who were born prematurely may need early preventive evaluation and long-term follow-up for timely detection and treatment of diabetes,” the authors write.<\/p>\n