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TUESDAY, June 4, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) with an unrelated donor (UD) results in better transplantation outcomes than cord blood transplantation (CBT) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with active disease, according to a study recently published in the Blood Cancer Journal<\/i>.<\/p>\n
Fr\u00e8d\u00e8ric Baron, M.D., Ph.D., from the University of Liege in Belgium, and colleagues compared transplantation outcomes of 2,963 patients with primary refractory or relapsed AML given CBT (285 patients), 10\/10 human leukocyte antigen-matched UD allo-HCT (2,001 patients), or 9\/10 matched UD allo-HCT (677 patients) from 2004 to 2015.<\/p>\n
The researchers found that in CBT, UD 10\/10, and UD 9\/10 recipients, neutrophil engraftment and complete remission rates were 75 and 48 percent, 93 and 69 percent, and 93 and 70 percent, respectively. UD 10\/10 recipients had a lower incidence of relapse and nonrelapse mortality (hazard ratios, 0.7 and 0.6, respectively), and better graft-versus-host-disease-free survival (GRFS), leukemia-free survival (LFS), and overall survival (hazard ratios, 0.8, 0.6, and 0.6, respectively) compared with CBT. UD 9\/10 recipients also had a lower incidence of relapse and nonrelapse mortality (hazard ratios, 0.8 and 0.7, respectively) and better GRFS, LFS, and overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.8, 0.7, and 0.7, respectively).<\/p>\n
“These results are in contrast with those observed in AML patients in complete remission with or without minimal residual disease, where CBT did at least as good as UD allo-HCT,” the authors write.<\/p>\n