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Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pediatrics for October 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.<\/p>\n
50 Percent of Children Aged 2 to 5 Years Fear Doctor Visits<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Half of parents report that their children aged 2 to 5 years are afraid of going to the doctor, according to survey results published in the Oct. 15 Mott Poll Report<\/i>.<\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Sub-Concussive Hits May Not Be Tied to Neurocognitive Changes<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Sub-concussive head impacts suffered over the course of a single season of youth tackle football may not be associated with neurocognitive functional outcomes, according to a study published Oct. 12 in the Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n USPSTF: Evidence Lacking for Lead Screen in Kids, Pregnancy<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has concluded that current evidence is insufficient for assessing the balance of harms and benefits of screening for elevated blood lead levels in asymptomatic children and pregnant women. These findings form the basis of a draft recommendation statement published online Oct. 30.<\/p>\n Draft Recommendation Statement<\/a><\/p>\n Evidence Review — Children<\/a><\/p>\n Evidence Review — Pregnant Women<\/a><\/p>\n Antibiotics, Acid Suppressants in Infancy May Up Obesity Risk<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 31, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Prescription of antibiotics and acid-suppressing medications in early childhood is associated with an increased risk for obesity, according to a study published online Oct. 30 in Gut<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Erectile Dysfunction Common in Childhood Cancer Survivors<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 30, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) is 29 percent among male childhood cancer survivors (CCS), according to a research letter published online Oct. 4 in JAMA Oncology<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n AMA Announces Initiative to Reinvent Physician Training<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 30, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The American Medical Association (AMA) today announced a new $15 million competitive grant initiative, the “Reimagining Residency” initiative, aimed at improving residency training.<\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Prenatal Exposure to Phthalates Linked to Language Delay<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 30, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Prenatal exposure to phthalates is associated with language delay in children, according to a study published online Oct. 29 in JAMA Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Mortality Among Young People Declined From 1999 to 2015<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 30, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Mortality rates for infants and youths generally declined in the United States from 1999 to 2015, though they remain higher than rates in Canada and England\/Wales, with especially high rates among black and American Indian\/Alaskan Native youth, according to a study published online Oct. 1 in JAMA Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Low Levels of Flu Reported in U.S. From May to October<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) — From May 20 to Oct. 13, 2018, low levels of influenza activity were reported in the United States, according to a study published online Oct. 25 in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Health Officers Express Concerns About Vaccine Exemptions<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) — After the passage of Senate Bill 277 (SB277) in California, which eliminated nonmedical vaccine exemptions for school entry, health officers and immunization staff reported concerns including an increase in medical exemptions, according to a study published online Oct. 29 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial<\/a><\/p>\n Many Hospitals Noncompliant With Record Request Regulations<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Among top-ranked U.S. hospitals, data reveal discrepancies in information provided to patients regarding medical records release processes as well as noncompliance with state and federal regulations, according to a study published online Oct. 5 in JAMA Network Open<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Paid Family Leave Policies May Modestly Increase Breastfeeding<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Women in states with paid family leave (PFL) policies have a modestly greater likelihood of exclusively breastfeeding at six months, according to a study published online Oct. 25 in the American Journal of Public Health<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Odds of Overweight\/Obesity Up for Children With Autism<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 29, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have increased odds of overweight\/obesity compared with general population controls after adjustment for child co-occurring conditions, according to a study published online Oct. 9 in The Journal of Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Prior-Season Vaccination Does Not Curb Flu Shot Effectiveness<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Prior-season vaccination is not associated with reduced vaccine effectiveness (VE) among children aged 2 to 17 years, according to a study published online Oct. 26 in JAMA Network Open<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial<\/a><\/p>\n Cancer Survival Higher in Teens, Young Adults Than Other Groups<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Overall, cancer survival among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) has consistently exceeded that of other age groups except during the HIV\/AIDS epidemic, according to a study published Oct. 15 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Trump Administration Announces Plan to Cut Drug Prices<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — In an effort to cut high drug costs, the prices paid by Medicare for certain prescription drugs would be based on those in other advanced industrial nations, according to a proposal announced Oct. 25 by the Trump administration.<\/p>\n HHS Study<\/a><\/p>\n New York Times<\/i> Article<\/a><\/p>\n No Drop Seen in CT Use for Pediatric Head Trauma<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Computed tomography (CT) neuroimaging did not decrease from 2007 to 2015 among pediatric patients evaluated in the emergency department for head injury, according to a study published in the October issue of Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Infant HIV Infection Ups Risk for Congenital CMV Infection<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 25, 2018 (HealthDay News) — HIV-exposed infants have high rates of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection, and in utero HIV infection seems to be a major risk factor for cCMV, according to a study published in the October issue of The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Pace of Change Has Accelerated in Alternative Payment Models<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 25, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The impact of alternative payment models (APMs) on physician practices has been described in a study published by the RAND Corp. and the American Medical Association.<\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Nearly Half of Children Seen in ED for Bronchiolitis Get Radiography<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 25, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Despite guideline recommendations to the contrary, nearly half of children seen in the emergency department for bronchiolitis receive radiography, according to a research letter published online Oct. 16 in the Journal of the American Medical Association<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Almost One in 10 Treated in Hospital for Non-Fatal Injury<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) — In 2013, 9.8 per 100 people were treated in the hospital for a non-fatal injury, with costs estimated at $1.853 trillion, according to a study published online Oct. 8 in Injury Epidemiology<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n 7 Children Dead From Adenovirus Outbreak in New Jersey<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) — New Jersey health officials on Wednesday confirmed the deaths of seven children after infection with an adenovirus.<\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Article from The Record<\/i> (Bergen County)<\/a><\/p>\n FDA Approves First New Influenza Drug in 20 Years<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For the first time in nearly two decades, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a new type of antiviral influenza drug.<\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Myo<\/i>-Inositol Does Not Reduce Retinopathy of Prematurity<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Treatment with myo<\/i>-inositol for up to 10 weeks does not reduce the risk for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) or death versus placebo for premature infants younger than 28 weeks of gestational age, according to a study published in the Oct. 23\/30 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Prevalence of Pediatric Metabolic, Bariatric Surgery Examined<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) — From 2005 through 2014, an estimated 14,178 metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) procedures were performed among pediatric patients aged 20 years and younger with severe obesity, according to a research letter published online Oct. 22 in JAMA Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Arthritis in Adulthood Linked to Childhood Maltreatment<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 24, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The prevalence of arthritis is higher among adults who experience severe and\/or frequent childhood maltreatment, according to a study published online Oct. 17 in Arthritis Care & Research<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n White House Unveils New Insurance Option for Small Firms<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A plan to allow small businesses to use tax-free accounts to provide health coverage for employees was announced today by the Trump administration.<\/p>\n AP News<\/i> Article<\/a><\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Kids’ Sport Participation Tied to Higher Bone Mass in Young Adults<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children who are consistent sport participators have greater bone mineral content (BMC) at age 20 years, according to a study published online Oct. 17 in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Advance Care Planning Lowers Symptoms in Teens With HIV<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Family-centered pediatric advance care planning (FACE pACP) is associated with a lower likelihood of symptoms and suffering for adolescents with HIV, according to a study published online Oct. 19 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Strong Link for Peds Obesity, Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 22, 2018 (HealthDay News) — High childhood body mass index (BMI) is strongly correlated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), according to a study published online Oct. 22 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Postnatal Education Increases Pain Relief Use at Vaccinations<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 22, 2018 (HealthDay News) — In-hospital postnatal education about infant pain management at vaccinations leads to more frequent use of pain relief interventions, according to a study published online Oct. 22 in CMAJ<\/i>, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Guidelines Outlined to Ease Peds Transition to Adult Health Care<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 22, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Guidelines have been updated to support the health care transition from adolescence to adulthood, according to a clinical report published online Oct. 22 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Adolescent, Young Adult Pod-Based E-Cigarette Use Up<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 22, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Adolescents and young adults are increasingly using electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) products such as pod-based systems but have misperceptions and lack of knowledge about these products, according to a study published online Oct. 19 in JAMA Network Open<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial<\/a><\/p>\n CDC: Vaccination Rates More Than 95 Percent for Kindergartners<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 19, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Overall vaccination coverage is high among the nation’s kindergarten students, according to research published in the Oct. 12 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Variability in Geographic Availability of New Antibiotics<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 19, 2018 (HealthDay News) — There is considerable variability in the geographic availability of antibiotics, according to a study published online Oct. 16 in PLOS ONE<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Asthma May Raise Obesity Risk Later in Childhood<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 19, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Early-onset asthma and wheezing may contribute to an increased risk of developing obesity later in childhood, according to a study published in the Sept. 1 issue of the European Respiratory Journal<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n HPV Vaccination Not Tied to Risky Sexual Behavior in Teen Girls<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Implementation of a school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program in Canada did not lead to an increase in sexual risk-taking behaviors among adolescent girls, according to a study published in the Oct. 15 issue of CMAJ<\/i>, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Model Identifies Adolescents at Risk for Smoking Initiation<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A novel prognostic tool can be used to accurately identify adolescents at risk for initiating cigarette smoking, according to a study published online Oct. 1 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial<\/a><\/p>\n Procurement Requirements Drive Interoperability in Health Care IT<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Interoperability of health care information technology (IT) must be improved to facilitate creation of a fully integrated health care system that can improve health and health care at lower cost, according to a report published by the National Academy of Medicine.<\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Limited Evidence for OTC Preps to Treat Nasal Symptoms of Colds<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Limited evidence is available for over-the-counter (OTC) treatments for nasal symptoms of the common cold, according to a report published online Oct. 10 in The BMJ<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Maternal Trauma Associated With Low Male Infant Birthweight<\/font><\/p>\n THURSDAY, Oct. 18, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Higher lifetime trauma among women is associated with decreased birthweight among male offspring, according to a study published Sept. 6 in The Journal of Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n CDC Warns of Salmonella<\/i> Illnesses Linked to Raw Chicken<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The number of people sickened in a Salmonella<\/i> outbreak linked to raw chicken products now stands at 92 people in 29 states, U.S. health officials said today.<\/p>\n More Information<\/a><\/p>\n Recreational Marijuana Now Legal in Canada<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Recreational marijuana became legal in Canada today, and while many welcome the move, others have serious concerns.<\/p>\n The New York Times<\/i> Article<\/a><\/p>\n CMAJ<\/i> Editorial<\/a><\/p>\n Giving Flu Shots in Pharmacies Could Up Vaccination Coverage<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 16, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Administering influenza vaccines through pharmacies in addition to traditional locations can increase vaccination coverage in the event of an epidemic, according to a study published online Oct. 16 in Vaccine<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Compression Collar May Protect Brain of Female Soccer Players<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A jugular vein compression collar can prevent white matter alterations associated with head impact exposure among female high school soccer players, according to a study published online Oct. 15 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Lung Cancer Deaths 28% Lower in California Than Rest of U.S.<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Annual lung cancer mortality was 28 percent lower in California than in the rest of the United States in 2013, according to a study published online Oct. 10 in Cancer Prevention Research<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Recommendations Developed to Verify NGT Placement in Children<\/font><\/p>\n WEDNESDAY, Oct. 17, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Recommendations on best practices for nasogastric tube (NGT) placement and verification in pediatric patients have been developed. The best practice recommendations were published online Sept. 6 in Nutrition in Clinical Practice<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n CDC Warns of Polio-Like Virus Striking More U.S. Children<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 16, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A rare but devastating polio-like virus appears to have made itself at home in the United States, partially paralyzing hundreds of children.<\/p>\n HealthDay<\/i> Article<\/a><\/p>\n More Information: CDC<\/a><\/p>\n Change in Shelter Eligibility Policy Tied to More ED Visits<\/font><\/p>\n TUESDAY, Oct. 16, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A policy change to Massachusetts’ shelter eligibility was tied to increased pediatric emergency department visits for homelessness and substantial health care costs, according to a study published online Oct. 15 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial<\/a><\/p>\n \u03b2-Blockers in 1st Trimester Do Not Up Congenital Malformations<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Maternal use of \u03b2-blockers in the first trimester of pregnancy is not associated with a large increase in the risk for overall or cardiac congenital malformations, according to a study published online Oct. 16 in the Annals of Internal Medicine<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Number of Children Not Receiving Vaccines Slightly Increased<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Overall, vaccine coverage for children aged 19 to 35 months remained high and stable from 2013 to 2017; however, a small, but growing number of children received no vaccinations, according to research published in the Oct. 12 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Without Medicaid Expansion, Poor Patients Forgo Medical Care<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Doing without medical care is much more common among low-income residents of states that have not expanded Medicaid than among low-income people in other states, according to a Government Accountability Office report.<\/p>\n AP News<\/i> Article<\/a><\/p>\n Age, Sex Affect Extended Post-Concussion Symptoms in Children<\/font><\/p>\n MONDAY, Oct. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Age, sex, and family factors play a role in the persistence of post-concussion symptoms (PCSs) one year after injury, according to a study published online Oct. 15 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n 15- and 18-Month, 4-Year Well-Child Visits Most Often Missed<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Well-child visits (WCVs) at 15 months, 18 months, and four years are the most commonly missed among children of low-income families, according to a study published online Oct. 10 in Pediatrics<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Violent Video Games Tied to Physical Aggression<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Playing violent video games is associated with subsequent increases in physical aggression, according to research published online Oct. 2 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text<\/a><\/p>\n Eye Trauma Secondary to Falls in Older Adults Increasing<\/font><\/p>\n FRIDAY, Oct. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Eye trauma as a secondary admission diagnosis is increasing, largely because of an increased incidence of falls in older individuals, according to a study published online Oct. 4 in JAMA Ophthalmology<\/i>.<\/p>\n Abstract\/Full Text (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n Editorial (subscription or payment may be required)<\/a><\/p>\n