Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pediatrics for February 2018. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Alternatives to Whole Liver Transplants Feasible for Children
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 28, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Alternatives to whole liver transplants for children have become safer, according to a study published recently in The Journal of Pediatrics.
Prevalence of Sexting Is Increasing in Youth Under 18
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 28, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The prevalences of sending and receiving sexts are 14.8 and 27.4 percent, respectively, among youth, according to a review published online Feb. 28 in JAMA Pediatrics.
Subthreshold Phototherapy After Birth Cuts Later Phototherapy
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 28, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Subthreshold phototherapy during birth hospitalization is associated with reduced readmission for phototherapy, according to a study published online Feb. 26 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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Prevalence of Smoking While Pregnant 7.2 Percent in 2016
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 28, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Overall, 7.2 percent of women who gave birth in 2016 smoked cigarettes during pregnancy, with prevalence varying by age, maternal race and Hispanic origin, and educational attainment, according to a February data brief published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics.
Medical Marijuana Laws Not Tied to Increases in Teen Use
TUESDAY, Feb. 27, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Current evidence does not show that medical marijuana laws (MMLs) enacted through 2014 have led to increases in adolescent marijuana use, according to a review published online Feb. 22 in Addiction.
Early Studies Often Show Exaggerated Treatment Effect
TUESDAY, Feb. 27, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Trials to evaluate drugs or devices used to treat chronic medical conditions that are published early in the chain of evidence often show an exaggerated treatment effect compared with subsequent trials, according to research published online Feb. 21 in the Mayo Clinical Proceedings.
Chromosomal Abnormalities, Miscarriage More Likely After 40
TUESDAY, Feb. 27, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Pregnant women older than 40 years have a higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities, miscarriage, and preterm birth compared to younger women but not congenital malformations or stillbirth, according to a study published online Feb. 5 in Obstetrics & Gynecology.
Sleeve Gastrectomy Tied to Drop in GDM, Excessive Fetal Growth
TUESDAY, Feb. 27, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is associated with a lower rate of gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive fetal growth, according to a study published online Feb. 5 in Obstetrics & Gynecology.
Understanding Rx Nonadherence Can Improve Adherence
MONDAY, Feb. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Understanding nonadherence in patients and encouraging a change in attitude toward patients and their medication can improve medication adherence, according to a report published by the American Medical Association (AMA).
Recommendations for Optimizing Hidden Curriculum in Medicine
MONDAY, Feb. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — In a position paper published online Feb. 27 in the Annals of Internal Medicine, the American College of Physicians (ACP) presents recommendations for optimizing clinical learning environments by fostering a positive hidden curriculum in medicine.
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No Recent Decrease in Prevalence of Obesity Among Children
MONDAY, Feb. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The prevalence of obesity seems not to be decreasing for children aged 2 to 19 years, according to a study published online Feb. 22 in Pediatrics.
Guidelines Updated for Managing and ID’ing Adolescent Depression
MONDAY, Feb. 26, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Clinical practice guidelines have been updated to assist primary care (PC) physicians in the screening, treatment, and management of adolescent depression in youth aged 10 to 21 years. The details of the updates are presented in two reports published online Feb. 26 in Pediatrics.
Abstract/Full Text – Zuckerbrot
Abstract/Full Text – Cheung
Artificial Intelligence May Help Prevent Physician Burnout
FRIDAY, Feb. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Artificial intelligence (AI), in which computers can be trained to recognize patterns in large quantities of data, may be able to reduce physicians’ burdens, saving them time and energy, according to a report published in Medical Economics.
Cognition Deficits Seen in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease
FRIDAY, Feb. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may have deficits in global and domain-specific cognition, according to a review published online Feb. 22 in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.
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Peds Cardiac Surgery Outcomes Vary by Neighborhood Income
FRIDAY, Feb. 23, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children undergoing cardiac surgery from the lowest-income neighborhoods have worse outcomes, according to a study published online Feb. 22 in Pediatrics.
CDC: No Change in Percentage of Uninsured in U.S. From ’16 to ’17
THURSDAY, Feb. 22, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The percentage of uninsured U.S. persons of all ages did not change significantly from 2016 to the first nine months of 2017, according to a report published online Feb. 22 by the National Center for Health Statistics.
Gut Microbiota May Affect Vertical Transmission of Being Overweight
THURSDAY, Feb. 22, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The correlation between maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and childhood overweight at ages 1 and 3 years may be mediated by birth mode and infant gut microbiota, according to a study published online Feb. 19 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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Prenatal Valproate Exposure May Impact School Performance
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 21, 2018 (HealthDay News) — School performance is significantly lower for children with prenatal exposure to valproate, according to a study published online Feb. 19 in JAMA Neurology.
Maternal Vaccination Not Tied to Infant Hospitalization, Death
TUESDAY, Feb. 20, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Maternal receipt of influenza and tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines is not associated with infant hospitalization or death in the first six months of life, according to a study published online Feb. 20 in Pediatrics.
Burnout Found Prevalent Among Doctors in Single Health System
TUESDAY, Feb. 20, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Burnout is prevalent among physicians, affecting over one-third of physicians in a single health system, and is associated with health care delivery, according to a research letter published online Feb. 19 in JAMA Internal Medicine.
Sibling Bullying Tied to Increased Odds of Psychotic Disorder
TUESDAY, Feb. 20, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children involved in sibling bullying are at increased risk of developing a psychotic disorder, according to a study published online Feb. 12 in Psychological Medicine.
Significant Challenges for Developmental-Behavioral Peds
FRIDAY, Feb. 16, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The developmental-behavioral pediatric (DBP) workforce struggles to meet current service demands, according to a study published online Feb. 16 in Pediatrics.
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Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses Predominate 2017-2018 Season
FRIDAY, Feb. 16, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Most influenza viruses identified in the 2017 to 2018 season are influenza A, with A(H3N2) viruses predominating, according to research published in the Feb. 16 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Abstract/Full Text – Budd
Abstract/Full Text – Flannery
Patients Want Physicians to Have Greater Connectivity
THURSDAY, Feb. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Most patients want greater connectivity, online tools and text messaging, as well as more time with their physicians, according to a report published in Medical Economics.
Short Stature in Childhood Tied to Higher Stroke Risk in Adulthood
THURSDAY, Feb. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Short stature at 7 to 13 years is significantly associated with increased risks in adulthood of ischemic stroke (IS) in both sexes and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in men, according to a study published online Feb. 15 in Stroke.
Opioids Plus Acetaminophen, Ketorolac Cost-Effective Post-Sx
THURSDAY, Feb. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Intravenous acetaminophen with or without ketorolac is associated with reduced opioid consumption and cost of care after scoliosis surgery in adolescents, compared with opioids alone, according to a study published online Jan. 29 in Pediatric Anesthesia.
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AAP, POSNA Release 5 Pediatric Orthopedic Recommendations
THURSDAY, Feb. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — As part of the Choosing Wisely campaign, the American Academy of Pediatrics and Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America have released a list of five orthopedic tests and procedures that are commonly ordered but are not always necessary for treatment of children with certain musculoskeletal conditions.
Ultra-Processed Food Linked to Increased Overall Cancer Risk
THURSDAY, Feb. 15, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Consumption of ultra-processed food is associated with increased risk of overall and breast cancer, according to a study published online Feb. 14 in The BMJ.
Nusinersen Beneficial in Later-Onset Spinal Muscular Atrophy
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 14, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Nusinersen is associated with significant and clinically meaningful improvement in motor function among children with later-onset spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), according to a study published in the Feb. 15 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
Mean Depth of Ultrasonographic Penetration Greater in Autism
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 14, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a significantly greater mean depth of ultrasonographic penetration, according to a study published online Feb. 12 in JAMA Pediatrics.
Genetics Should Inform Care in Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 14, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Genetic stratification should play a role in clinical care of patients with noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM), according to a study published in the Feb. 20 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
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Four Best Practices Outlined to Prevent Health Care Cyberattacks
TUESDAY, Feb. 13, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Four best practices outlined that can help prevent health care cyberattacks, which increased from 2016 to 2017, according to a report published in Managed Healthcare Executive.
Risk Tool Predicts Pressure Injuries in Hospitalized Children
TUESDAY, Feb. 13, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The Braden QD Scale reliably predicts both immobility-related and device-related pressure injuries in hospitalized pediatric patients, according to a study published in the January issue of the Journal of Pediatrics.
Patterns of Violations in Drinking Water Quality ID’d for 1982-2015
TUESDAY, Feb. 13, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For drinking water quality violations, increasing time trends and violation hot spots have been identified in several states, especially in the Southwest, according to a study published online Feb. 12 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
EHRs Not Sufficient to Ensure Success in Value-Based Care
MONDAY, Feb. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Electronic health records (EHRs) are not sufficient to ensure success in value-based care, according to an article published in Medical Economics.
Low Postnatal Levels of Arachidonic Acid Linked to ROP
MONDAY, Feb. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For infants born at a gestational age (GA) of less than 28 weeks, low postnatal levels of arachidonic acid (AA) are associated with developing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), according to a study published online Feb. 8 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
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Premature Dementia Risk May Be Up in Survivors of Heart Defects
MONDAY, Feb. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Congenital heart disease (CHD) is associated with increased risk of dementia in adults, according to a study published online Feb. 12 in Circulation.
Cause of Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths Shifts in the U.S.
MONDAY, Feb. 12, 2018 (HealthDay News) — From 1999 to 2015 there was a small reduction in the rate of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID), according to a study published online Feb. 12 in Pediatrics.
Top Consumer Concerns Reported About Physicians
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Health care consumers have four major concerns regarding their physicians, according to a report published by Managed Healthcare Executive.
Diabetes Signs May Be Present 20 Years Before Diagnosis
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with subtle elevations of glucose and lipids more than 20 years before diagnosis, according to a study published online Feb. 5 in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.
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Greater Fear of Harm From E-Cigarettes Cuts Teens’ Use
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Greater perceived harm from e-cigarettes lessens the likelihood that teens will use them, according to a study published online Feb. 1 in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Preventing Chronic Disease.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide Doesn’t Cut Mortality for Neonates
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For neonates born at 22 to 29 weeks’ gestation with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), off-label use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is not associated with reduced mortality, according to a study published online Feb. 9 in Pediatrics.
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CDC: Parent-Reported Head Injuries in 7.0 Percent of Children
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — In 2016, 8.3 percent of boys and 5.6 percent of girls aged 3 to 17 years had ever had a significant head injury in their lifetime, according to a February data brief published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics.
Prenatal, Early Life Fructose Intake Associated With Asthma
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Maternal prenatal and early childhood intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and fructose is associated with current asthma in midchildhood, regardless of adiposity, according to a study published in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.
Acne Linked to Increased Risk of Major Depressive Disorder
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Acne is associated with increased probability of developing major depressive disorder (MDD), with risk highest within one year of diagnosis, according to a research letter published online Feb. 7 in the British Journal of Dermatology.
High-Risk Typologies for Heavy Drinking ID’d in Underage Women
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For underage women, high-risk trajectories have been identified for heavy episodic drinking (HED), and feminine norms are associated with latent trajectory classes, according to a study published online Feb. 7 in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research.
Rooming-In May Up Outcomes in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
FRIDAY, Feb. 9, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For newborns with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), rooming-in with the mother or other family members is associated with improved outcomes, according to a review published online Feb. 5 in JAMA Pediatrics.
FDA Says U.S. Will Now Produce Critical MRI Component
THURSDAY, Feb. 8, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A long-feared shortage of a substance used in millions of medical imaging procedures each year in the United States appears to have been avoided, federal officials report.
Poll: Personal Beliefs Shouldn’t Allow Doctors to Refuse to Treat
THURSDAY, Feb. 8, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Most people do not believe that professionals including health care providers should be allowed to refuse to provide services based on their conscience or beliefs, according to a recent HealthDay/The Harris Poll.
School Program in U.K. Shows No Significant Impact on Child BMI
THURSDAY, Feb. 8, 2018 (HealthDay News) — A focused school-based healthy lifestyle program intervention does not have a significant impact on body mass index (BMI) z score after 15 or 30 months, according to a study published online Feb. 7 in The BMJ.
NICU Family Integrated Care Ups Infant, Parent Outcomes
THURSDAY, Feb. 8, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For infants born at 33 weeks’ gestation or earlier, Family Integrated Care (FICare) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is associated with improved infant and parent outcomes, according to a study published online Feb. 7 in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health.
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Drowsiness May Be Factor in About 10 Percent of Crashes
THURSDAY, Feb. 8, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Drowsiness may be a factor in about 10 percent of crashes, more than previously indicated in federal estimates, according to a report published by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.
Percentage of Children Having Asthma Attacks Decreasing
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 7, 2018 (HealthDay News) — From 2001 to 2016 there was a decrease in the proportion of children having asthma attacks in the United States, according to research published in the Feb. 6 early-release issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
HSV-1 Prevalence 47.8 Percent in 14- to 49-Year-Olds
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 7, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 is 47.8 and 11.9 percent, respectively, for individuals aged 14 to 49 years, according to a February data brief published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics.
Ketamine + Propofol Speeds Recovery for Peds MRI Sedation
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 7, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Use of ketamine at induction followed by reduced propofol infusion rate for maintenance is associated with shorter recovery times for children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging with deep sedation, according to a study published online Jan. 27 in Pediatric Anesthesia.
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USPSTF Recommends Screening for Syphilis in Pregnancy
TUESDAY, Feb. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concludes that there is considerable net benefit to screening for syphilis infection in pregnant women. These findings form the basis of a draft recommendation statement, published Feb. 6 by the USPSTF.
Draft Evidence Review
Draft Recommendation Statement
Comment on Recommendation
2018 Immunization Schedule Issued for U.S. Children
TUESDAY, Feb. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedule for the United States has been issued for 2018 and published online Feb. 6 in Pediatrics.
Anti-Vaccination Attitudes Linked to Belief in Conspiracies
TUESDAY, Feb. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Those with anti-vaccination beliefs are more likely to believe in conspiracy theories and hold strong individualistic/hierarchical worldviews, according to a study published online Feb. 1 in Health Psychology.
Transgender Youth Get Fewer Preventive Health Services
TUESDAY, Feb. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Transgender and gender nonconforming adolescents use fewer preventive health services and report poorer health than cisgender peers, according to a study published online Feb. 5 in Pediatrics.
Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorders Estimated
TUESDAY, Feb. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The estimated prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome varies from 1.1 to 5.0 percent among first graders in four U.S. communities, according to a study published in the Feb. 6 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
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2005 to 2014 Saw Increase in Melanoma Incidence
TUESDAY, Feb. 6, 2018 (HealthDay News) — In recent years there has been an increase in melanoma incidence, with more than 70 percent of melanomas diagnosed among those aged 55 years and older, according to a research letter published online Jan. 31 in JAMA Dermatology.
Low Rates of Abx Prophylaxis for Pediatric Sickle Cell
MONDAY, Feb. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) have low rates of receiving ≥300 days of antibiotic prophylaxis, according to a study published online Feb. 5 in Pediatrics.
Health Care Use Down in Diabetes Patients With High Deductibles
MONDAY, Feb. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Overall, patients who switch to high-deductible health plans (HDHPs) have a decrease in health care utilization, though high-severity emergency department visit expenditures and hospitalization days increase in members from low-income neighborhoods, according to a study published online Jan. 30 in Diabetes Care.
Patient, Provider Characteristics Tied to Unnecessary Antibiotic Rx
MONDAY, Feb. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Patient, practice, and provider characteristics are associated with inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in the outpatient setting, according to a study published online Jan. 30 in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.
Humanities Exposure Positively Impacts Medical Students
MONDAY, Feb. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Exposure to the humanities correlates with less burnout and higher levels of positive personal qualities among medical students, according to a study published online Jan. 29 in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
Low-Carb Diets May Raise the Risk of Neural Tube Defects
MONDAY, Feb. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Low-carbohydrate diets may increase the risk of neural tube defects in offspring, according to a study published online Jan. 25 in Birth Defects Research.
Zika Virus Infection Linked to Uteroplacental Pathology
MONDAY, Feb. 5, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Zika virus (ZIKV) infection seems to be associated with uteroplacental pathology and may affect oxygen transport within the placenta in pregnant rhesus macaques, according to a study published online Jan. 17 in Nature Communications.
Factors Identified That Impact Physicians IT Adoption
FRIDAY, Feb. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Physicians have considerable concerns about the efficacy and evidence base of health information technology (IT), according to a report published by the American Medical Association (AMA).
Review Outlines Nutritional Differences in Plant-Based Milks
FRIDAY, Feb. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) — The nutritional differences and health benefits among various plant-based alternative milks are discussed in a review published in the January issue of the Journal of Food Science and Technology.
Poor Sleep Worsens Link Between PTSD, Chronic Pain in Youth
FRIDAY, Feb. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Poor sleep worsens the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and chronic pain in youth, according to a study published in the January issue of the Journal of Pain.
Parental Type 1 Diabetes May Increase Offspring Risk for ADHD
FRIDAY, Feb. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Children whose parents have type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a higher risk of being diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a study published online Jan. 26 in Diabetes Care.
Persistent Respiratory Issues in Youth May Decline Lung Function
FRIDAY, Feb. 2, 2018 (HealthDay News) — For young adults, persistent respiratory symptoms are associated with accelerated decline in lung function, according to a study published online Jan. 25 in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
Medicaid Expansion Cuts Out-of-Pocket Spending
THURSDAY, Feb. 1, 2018 (HealthDay News) — States that expanded Medicaid cut the probability of non-elderly near-poor adults being uninsured and lowered average out-of-pocket spending, according to a study published online Jan. 24 in Health Affairs.
Persistent Pain Common 1 Month After Elective Pediatric Surgery
THURSDAY, Feb. 1, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Many pediatric patients have persistent pain after common ambulatory surgeries, according to a study published online Jan. 20 in Pediatric Anesthesia.
Zika-Related Flaviviruses May Cause Congenital Infection
THURSDAY, Feb. 1, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Emerging neurotropic flaviviruses related to Zika virus (ZIKV) may share ZIKV’s capacity for transplacental transmission, according to a study published online Jan. 31 in Science Translational Medicine.
Postnatal Depression Tied to Child Behavioral Problems
THURSDAY, Feb. 1, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Persistent and severe maternal postnatal depression (PND) is associated with increased likelihood of multiple adverse child outcomes, including behavioral disturbance, according to a study published online Jan. 31 in JAMA Psychiatry.
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